{"id":1366,"date":"2019-03-30T15:36:50","date_gmt":"2019-03-30T12:36:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.hukukiyaklasim.com\/?p=1366"},"modified":"2019-03-30T15:36:50","modified_gmt":"2019-03-30T12:36:50","slug":"tasimasi-yasak-olmayan-bicaklarin-tespiti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.hukukiyaklasim.com\/yeni\/makaleler\/tasimasi-yasak-olmayan-bicaklarin-tespiti\/","title":{"rendered":"Ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 Yasak Olmayan B\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n Tespitine \u0130li\u015fkin De\u011ferlendirmeler"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>Prof. Dr. R. Cengiz Derdiman\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

1. Konuya \u0130li\u015fkin Mevzuat H\u00fck\u00fcmleri<\/em><\/h4>\n

1.1. Konuya \u0130li\u015fkin H\u00fck\u00fcmlere Genel Bak\u0131\u015f<\/h4>\n

1.1.1. 6136 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun ve Uygulama Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan<\/h4>\n

(1) 6136 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun (ASBAK) <\/u><\/em><\/strong><\/h5>\n

6136 say\u0131l\u0131 \u201cAte\u015fli Silahlar B\u0131\u00e7aklar ve Di\u011fer Aletler Hakk\u0131nda Kanun\u201dun (ASBAK\u2019\u0131n)<\/em> 4\/1. maddesinde bir k\u0131s\u0131m kesici ve delici aletler yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu h\u00fckme bak\u0131l\u0131rsa, konumuz a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan:<\/p>\n

1-) \u201cKama, han\u00e7er, sustal\u0131 \u00e7ak\u0131, pala, k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7, kasatura, s\u00fcng\u00fc, sivri u\u00e7lu ve oluklu b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u2026\u201d;<\/p>\n

2-) \u0130le, salt sald\u0131r\u0131 ve savunmada kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere \u00f6zel nitelikteki benzeri aletlerin yap\u0131m\u0131 yasakt\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n

Anayasa Mahkemesinin bir karar\u0131nda da (AyM 2014.) belirtlidi\u011fi \u00fczere; bu yasaklamalarlardan maksat, toplumun huzur, bar\u0131\u015f ve g\u00fcveninin korunmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu maksatla, salt sald\u0131r\u0131 veya savunmada kullan\u0131lacak delici veya kesici aletler yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. ASBAK\u2019\u0131n:<\/p>\n

1-) 14\/1. maddesinde bunlar\u0131n ithali, ihrac\u0131, bunlara arac\u0131l\u0131k ve bunlar\u0131n \u00fclkede yap\u0131m\u0131 (en az iki y\u0131l hapisle cezaland\u0131r\u0131larak);<\/p>\n

2-) 15\/1. maddesinde de bunlar\u0131n sat\u0131lmas\u0131, satmaya arac\u0131l\u0131k, sat\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131, ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 veya bulundurulmas\u0131 (en za alt\u0131 ay hapisle cezaland\u0131r\u0131larak);<\/p>\n

Yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu eylemlere verilecek hapis cezalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 ve adli para ceza miktarlar\u0131 da an\u0131lan h\u00fck\u00fcmlerde yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

ASBAK\u2019\u0131n 4\/3 maddesine g\u00f6re:<\/p>\n

3a-) \u201cEv gere\u00e7lerinden olan veya tababet, sanayi, tar\u0131m, spor i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan aletlerle;<\/p>\n

3b-) Bir meslek veya sanat\u0131n icras\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli b\u0131\u00e7ak, \u015fi\u015f, raspa ve benzerlerinin;<\/p>\n

Kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 (ASBAK) h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine tabi de\u011fildir.\u201d<\/p>\n

(2) 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu (TCK)<\/u><\/em><\/strong><\/h5>\n

5237 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanununun 6\/f maddesinin 3 ve 4. bentlerine g\u00f6re:<\/p>\n

1-) \u201cSald\u0131r\u0131 ve savunmada kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f her t\u00fcrl\u00fc kesici\u2026 alet\u201d;<\/p>\n

2-) \u201cSald\u0131r\u0131 ve savunma amac\u0131yla yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmasa bile fiilen sald\u0131r\u0131 ve savunmada kullan\u0131lmaya elveri\u015fli di\u011fer \u015feyler\u201d;<\/p>\n

TCK\u2019n\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131nda \u201cilah\u201d kabul edilmi\u015flerdir. Yaln\u0131z bu kapsam, sadece nazara al\u0131nacak niteliktedir.<\/p>\n

(3) 91\/1779 Karar Say\u0131l\u0131 Y\u00f6netmelik <\/u><\/em><\/strong>(ASBAY)<\/u><\/em><\/strong><\/h5>\n

91\/1779 karar say\u0131l\u0131 \u201cAte\u015fli Silahlar Ve B\u0131\u00e7aklar \u0130le Di\u011fer Aletler Hakk\u0131nda Y\u00f6netmelik\u201dte (ASBAY\u2019da)<\/em> konuyla ilgili h\u00fck\u00fcmler mevcuttur. \u015e\u00f6yleki:<\/p>\n

1-) \u201cASBAK kapsam\u0131na giren\u201d b\u0131\u00e7ak ve kesici aletleri sanat ve icra i\u00e7in kullanma imkan\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bu aletleri kullanacaklar\u0131n, bunlar\u0131 sat\u0131n almak i\u00e7in m\u00fclki amirliklerden izin belgesi almak gereklidir (madde: 53\/1). Dolasy\u0131yla, bunlar\u0131 bir meslek ya da sanatta kullanmak maksad\u0131ya ta\u015f\u0131mak i\u00e7in de ayn\u0131 usul ge\u00e7erli olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

2-) ASBAY\u2019\u0131n 54. maddesine g\u00f6re;<\/p>\n

\u201cB\u0131\u00e7ak, di\u011fer aletler ve benzerleri, her ne sebeple olursa olsun \u00fcstte ta\u015f\u0131namaz. Bunlar\u0131n nakilleri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi \u015fekilde yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. a) Bavul, valiz, tak\u0131m veya el \u00e7antalar\u0131nda,<\/li>\n
  2. b) \u00c7uval, bez torba veya ambalajlar\u0131nda,<\/li>\n
  3. c) Ara\u00e7lar\u0131n bagaj ve torpido g\u00f6zlerinde,<\/li>\n
  4. d) Ani olaylarda kullan\u0131lmay\u0131 engelleyecek tarzda ka\u011f\u0131t veya bezle sar\u0131l\u0131p paketlenmi\u015f \u015fekilde \u00fcstte.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Bu (hallere) ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak b\u0131\u00e7ak, di\u011fer aletler ve benzerlerini \u00fcstlerinde ta\u015f\u0131yanlar, kullan\u0131m belgeleri olsa dahi, haklar\u0131nda Kanunun 15 inci maddesi gere\u011fince i\u015flem yap\u0131l\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n

    1.2.\u00a0 2521 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun (ASTBASBK) ve Uygulama Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi (ASTBASBY)<\/h4>\n

    Konu ile ilgili, ba\u015fka kanun da vard\u0131r. Bu, 2521 say\u0131l\u0131 \u201cAvda Ve Sporda Kullan\u0131lan T\u00fcfekler, Ni\u015fan Tabancalar\u0131 ve Av B\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n\u0131n Yap\u0131m\u0131, Al\u0131m\u0131, Sat\u0131m\u0131 ve Bulundurulmas\u0131na Dair Kanun\u201ddur (ASTBASBK\u2019d\u0131r).<\/em>\u00a0 ASTBASBK, 1. maddesinde av b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n\u0131n;<\/p>\n

    1-) Yap\u0131m\u0131 ve sat\u0131\u015f\u0131na ili\u015fkin esaslar\u0131 belirlemi\u015f;<\/p>\n

    2-) Bunlar\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 ve bulundurulmas\u0131n\u0131 belgeye ba\u011flamak suretiyle denetimini \u00f6ng\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

    ASTBASBK\u2019\u0131n 2. maddesine g\u00f6re \u201cav b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131\u201d:<\/p>\n

    \u201cSadece avda kullan\u0131lan, av hayvanlar\u0131n\u0131 kesmeye, y\u00fczmeye ve par\u00e7alamaya yarayan oluksuz, s\u0131rt\u0131 k\u00fct veya testereli b\u0131\u00e7aklard\u0131r.\u201d Ayn\u0131 tarifi \u201c2521 Say\u0131l\u0131 Avda Ve Sporda Kullan\u0131lan T\u00fcfekler, Ni\u015fan Tabancalar\u0131 Ve Av B\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n\u0131n Yap\u0131m\u0131, Al\u0131m\u0131, Sat\u0131m\u0131 Ve Bulundurulmas\u0131na Dair Kanunun Uygulanmas\u0131na \u0130li\u015fkin Y\u00f6netmelik<\/em> (ASTBASBY)\u201d de yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. ASTBASBK, 2. maddesinde bir k\u0131s\u0131m av b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer tip ve \u00f6zelliklerini y\u00f6netmli\u011fe b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. ASTBASBY\u2019\u0131n 11\/2. maddesinde: \u201cBu y\u00f6netmelikte tan\u0131m\u0131 ve \u00f6zellikleri belirtilen av b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fyeri veya meskende bulundurulmas\u0131 belgeye tabi tutulmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (Bunlar) ancak, av tezkereleriyle birlikte avlaklarda \u00fcstte ta\u015f\u0131nabile(ce\u011fini)\u201d \u00f6ng\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

    2. Mevzuat H\u00fck\u00fcmlerinden \u00c7\u0131kar\u0131lan Sonu\u00e7<\/h4>\n

    1-) Kanunlar\u0131n yasaklad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131 bulundurmak ya da ta\u015f\u0131mak adli nitelikli bir su\u00e7tur. Yani bu su\u00e7lar adli mercilerce h\u00fckmedilecek hapis gibi cezalar\u0131 gerektiriler. Bu su\u00e7lar\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131nda \u201ckas\u0131t\u201d aranmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, emsal kararda (Yarg\u0131tay 2018) \u00a0ceza mahk\u00fbmiyeti i\u00e7in, sustal\u0131 b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 \u201cta\u015f\u0131ma bilinci\u201d aranm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[1]<\/a><\/p>\n

    2-) ASBAK\u2019ta yasaklanan b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n sat\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi hususlar ise ruhsat almakla m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. \u00d6rne\u011fin; valiliklerce \u201cantika eser\u201d niteli\u011findeki bir han\u00e7er\u2019e antika ruhsat\u0131 d\u00fczenlenbilmektedir.<\/p>\n

    3-) Evde, t\u0131bb\u00ee i\u015flerde, sanayi, tar\u0131m, spor ya da bir meslek ve sanatta[2]<\/a> kullan\u0131lan\u00a0 b\u0131\u00e7aklar ASBAK h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine tabi de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

    4-) ASTBASBK kapsam\u0131na giren b\u0131\u00e7aklar ise ancak avlaklarda ta\u015f\u0131nabilirler. Bunun i\u00e7in de izin al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. ASTBASBK, \u00f6rne\u011fin; av tezkeresi almadan yivsiz av t\u00fcfegi ta\u015f\u0131ma gibi eylemleri idari para cezas\u0131 ile cezaland\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Fakat ASTBASBK\u2019ta, bunlar\u0131n mevzuata ayk\u0131r\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131\/bulundurulmas\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131ma ba\u011flayan a\u00e7\u0131k d\u00fczenlemeya rastlanamamaktad\u0131r. ASTBASBK\u2019\u0131n kesici ve delici aletlere ili\u015fkin d\u00fczenlemelerin d\u00fcenlenece\u011fini belirtti\u011fi ASTBASBY\u2019da da durum ayn\u0131d\u0131r. Bu mevzuata g\u00f6re, bu b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n meskende ya da i\u015f yerlerinde bulundurulmalar\u0131 zaten herhangi bir ruhsata tabi olmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    3. Ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 Yasak Olmayan B\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n Belirlenmesi<\/h4>\n

    3.1. Kanunlardaki H\u00fck\u00fcmler A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan<\/h4>\n

    3.1.1. Genel Olarak<\/h4>\n

    \u201cM\u00fclkiyet; bir mal\u0131n, sahibi ile ili\u015fkisi y\u00f6n\u00fcyle ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 add\u0131r\u201d (Derdiman, 2015: 371). M\u00fclkiyete konu olan madd\u00ee de\u011fer, menk\u00fbl (ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r) veya gayr\u0131menk\u00fbl (ta\u015f\u0131nmaz) \u201cmallar\u201dd\u0131r. M\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131, 4721 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanununun (TMK\u2019n\u0131n) 683. maddesinde belirlenmi\u015ftir.[3]<\/a> B\u0131\u00e7ak da bir e\u015fyad\u0131r ve Anayasan\u0131n 35. maddesindeki m\u00fclkiyet h\u00fcrriyeti ile ilgilidir. Kamu h\u00fcrriyetlerinin g\u00fcvenceleri esas; s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rmalar\u0131 istisnad\u0131r (Yongal\u0131k, 10; Derdiman, 2013: 158; 2015: 142; Erdin\u00e7, 206). Temel haklar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmler dar yorumlan\u0131rlar; dolayl\u0131 da olsa[4]<\/a> geni\u015f anlamland\u0131r\u0131lamazlar. Temel haklar ancak kanunla s\u0131n\u0131rlanabilir (Derdiman 2013: 161).<\/p>\n

    Bu izahata g\u00f6re:<\/p>\n

    Yukar\u0131da zikredilen ASBAK ve ASTBASBK\u2019da:<\/p>\n

    1-) Yasaklanmayan b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n;<\/p>\n

    2-) Ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 belli usul ve \u015fartlara ba\u011fl\u0131 tutulan b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n bu usul ve \u015fartlara uyularak;<\/p>\n

    Ta\u015f\u0131nmalar\u0131 yasak de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

    Kanunlarda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen usul ve \u015fartlar\u0131n ya da yasaklamalar\u0131n, bunlara konu olan b\u0131\u00e7aklar d\u0131\u015f\u0131na ta\u015facak \u015fekilde geni\u015fletilmesi s\u00f6z konusu olamaz.<\/p>\n

    3.1.2. Serbest\u00e7e Ta\u015f\u0131nabilecek\/Bulundurulabilecek B\u0131\u00e7ak Olarak \u201c\u00c7ak\u0131\u201dlar<\/h4>\n
    (1) Genel Tespitler<\/u><\/em><\/strong><\/h5>\n

    Mevzuatta \u201cb\u0131\u00e7ak\u201d tabiri ge\u00e7mektedir. ASBAK ve ASBAY\u2019da yasak b\u0131\u00e7aklar ya da yasaklama hal ve \u015fartlar\u0131 belirtilmektedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, \u201csustal\u0131 \u00e7ak\u0131\u201d mevzuatta yasaklanmaktad\u0131r. \u201cSustal\u0131 \u00e7ak\u0131\u201d, \u201cd\u00fc\u011fmesine bas\u0131l\u0131nca kesici k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zla ve kendili\u011finden ortaya \u00e7\u0131karan ve sabitle\u015ftiren susta tertibat\u0131\u201d bulunan b\u0131\u00e7akt\u0131r. (Yarg\u0131tay, 2010; Derdiman, 2007: 395). Bu aletin otomatik olarak a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 ve kapanmas\u0131, bunu di\u011fer b\u0131\u00e7aklardan ay\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6zelliktir. B\u0131\u00e7aktaki susta tertibat\u0131, b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131; otomatik ve seri \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131labilir ve kapanabilir olmas\u0131 sebebiyle \u201csald\u0131r\u0131 ve savunma b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131\u201d haline getirmektedir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, bu tertibatla, \u00f6rne\u011fin bir sald\u0131r\u0131da kesici k\u0131sm\u0131 a\u00e7mak ve kapatmak i\u00e7in uzun zaman harcanmam\u0131\u015f olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Kanunda ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 yasaklanan:<\/p>\n

    1-)\u00a0 B\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n tek tek say\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131, i\u015flevleri itibar\u0131ya bunlar\u0131n benzeri olmayan b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n;<\/p>\n

    2-) \u201cSustal\u0131 \u00e7ak\u0131\u201d tabirinin kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131, \u201csustal\u0131\u201ddan ba\u015fka \u201c\u00e7ak\u0131\u201dlar\u0131n;<\/p>\n

    Olabilece\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir. (Ayn\u0131 kanaat: Derdiman 2007: 395). \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc kanun\u00a0 koyucu abesle i\u015ftigal etmez.<\/p>\n

    G\u00fcnl\u00fck dilde:<\/p>\n

    1-) \u201cB\u0131\u00e7ak\u201d, kesici alet olarak, han\u00e7erin k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, \u00e7ak\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fcd\u00fcr (\u015eemseddin Sami, 128).<\/p>\n

    2-) \u201c\u00c7ak\u0131\u201d, \u201ca\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p kapanan bir veya birka\u00e7 a\u011f\u0131zl\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck cep b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131\u201d anlamlar\u0131na gelmektedir. B\u0131\u00e7ak ise sap ve kesici k\u0131s\u0131mdan meydana gelen kesme aletidir (Ayverdi, 354).<\/p>\n

    B\u0131\u00e7ak, \u201ckasap b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131\u201d, \u201cev b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131\u201d gibi \u201cdaha \u00e7ok\u201d bir meslek ve sanat\u0131n icras\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ancak \u00e7ak\u0131dan b\u00fcy\u00fck de olsa bunlardan farkl\u0131, yasak olmayan b\u0131\u00e7aklar da vard\u0131r. \u00c7ak\u0131lar da, ki\u015filerin yan\u0131nda ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131klar\u0131 ve g\u00fcnl\u00fck alelade i\u015flerde kulland\u0131klar\u0131 aletlerdir.<\/p>\n

    (2) Emsal Kararlarda Durum<\/u><\/em><\/strong><\/h5>\n

    \u0130\u00e7tihatlar da ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 yasak olmayan bir k\u0131s\u0131m b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n ve \u00e7ak\u0131lar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmektedirler:<\/p>\n

    1-)\u201cOtomatik olmayan ve bozuk olan b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n bulundurulmas\u0131n\u0131n izne tabi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u201d belirten (Yarg\u0131tay 2010);<\/p>\n

    2-) Sustal\u0131 b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131yan\u0131 taraf\u0131ndasn sustal\u0131 oldu\u011funu bilinmesini ara\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 isteyen (Yarg\u0131tay. 2017);<\/p>\n

    3-) \u201c\u0130ddianame \u2026\u00a0 sustal\u0131\u00a0\u00e7ak\u0131dan s\u00f6z edilmedi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmakla \u2026 6136 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasaya g\u00f6re yasak nitelikte\u00a0 b\u0131\u00e7ak \u00a0ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bahisle (kurulan h\u00fckm\u00fc) \u2026 boz(an)\u201d (Yarg\u0131tay 2014);<\/p>\n

    Kararlar buna emsal niteliktedirler.<\/p>\n

    \u015eu da var ki, ASBAK\u2019\u0131n 4. maddesinde yer alan b\u0131\u00e7aklarla \u00a0\u201csalt sald\u0131r\u0131 ve savunmada kullan\u0131lacak \u00f6zeellikteki benzerleri\u201dnin[5]<\/a> de yasakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmektedir.<\/p>\n

    (3) Somut \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fctlere G\u00f6re Ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 Yasak Olmayan B\u0131\u00e7aklar<\/u><\/em><\/strong><\/h5>\n
    (3a) \u00a0El \u0130le A\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p Kapat\u0131labilen B\u0131\u00e7aklar<\/em><\/strong><\/h5>\n

    1-) El ile a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p kapat\u0131labilen b\u0131\u00e7aklar ta\u015f\u0131nabilir. (Hangi\u2026, 2018). Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 hukukta da a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p kapanan b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 kanun\u00ee yasaklamalardan istisna tutulmu\u015ftur. \u00d6rne\u011fin Alman hukukunda izah edilebilir hukuki bir menfaat halinde ta\u015f\u0131ma imkanlar\u0131na rastlanabilmektedir. (Bak\u0131n\u0131z: Waffenrecht, 1).<\/p>\n

    2-) Elle a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda b\u0131\u00e7aktaki otomatik olmayan bir mandalla sabitle\u015ftirilebilen; yine mandala bas\u0131larak s\u0131rf el ile kapat\u0131labilen; b\u0131\u00e7aklar \u201cyasak\u201d addedilemezler. \u201cASBAK\u2019ta belirtilen \u00f6zellikleri ta\u015f\u0131mamakla birlikte namlu sabitleme kilidi bulunan b\u0131\u00e7aklar, \u2026 piyasada al\u0131n\u0131p sat\u0131lmakta(d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca) ki\u015filerin \u00fczerlerinde ya da ara\u00e7lar\u0131nda ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131p ev ve i\u015fyerinde de bulundurulabilmektedir. Salt namlu sabitleme kilidini ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131 nedeniyle b\u0131\u00e7a\u011fa\u00a0yasak\u00a0niteli\u011fi tan\u0131mak yasan\u0131n d\u00fczenleni\u015f \u015fekli ve amac\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d (YCBS 2014).\u00a0 Bu t\u00fcr bir b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n \u201cancak bir su\u00e7 kapsam\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda\u201d sald\u0131r\u0131 ve savunmada kullan\u0131lmak amac\u0131yla ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir.[6]<\/a> (YCBS 2014).<\/p>\n

    (3b) Salt \u201cSald\u0131r\u0131 ve Savunmaya Ayr\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f\u201d B\u0131\u00e7aklar<\/em><\/strong><\/h5>\n

    1-) ASBAK baz\u0131 b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131 saym\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlarla, salt sald\u0131r\u0131 ve savunmada kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere \u00f6zel niteliklere sahip \u201cbenzer b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u201d5<\/sup> yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re, yasak b\u0131\u00e7aklar yasaklanm\u0131\u015f halleri ile ta\u015f\u0131namazlar. 5237 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanununun (TCK\u2019n\u0131n) 6. maddesine g\u00f6re: Yasak olmayan b\u0131\u00e7aklar da \u201csalt sald\u0131r\u0131 ya da savunmada kullan\u0131mak \u00fczere\u201d ta\u015f\u0131namazlar. \u00d6rne\u011fin, \u201ckanuna g\u00f6re yasak say\u0131lmayan\u00a0b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131\u00a0ne \u015fekilde s\u0131rf sald\u0131r\u0131 amac\u0131yla\u00a0ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 hususu a\u00e7\u0131klanmadan\u2026\u201d ceza \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclemeyecektir.[7]<\/a> (Yarg\u0131tay 2013).<\/p>\n

    AyM\u2019nin bir karar\u0131nda da (AyM 2015); m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131, \u201cbireye eme\u011finin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na sahip olma ve gelece\u011fe y\u00f6nelik planlar yapma (imkan)\u0131 tan\u0131(r).\u201d \u015fekilde g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

    Bu duruma g\u00f6re ki\u015filer, m\u00fclkiyetlerindeki[8]<\/a> b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131 \u201csalt sald\u0131r\u0131 ya da savunmada kullanma amac\u0131yla\u201d de\u011fil; \u00f6rne\u011fin:<\/h5>\n

    1a-) \u00a0Zevk i\u00e7in;<\/p>\n

    1b-) Kanunlarda yasaklanmayan di\u011fer ama\u00e7larla;<\/p>\n

    Ta\u015f\u0131nabilirler. Bunlardan da anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere; m\u00fclkiyet haklar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 kanunlar \u00e7izer. (Ayn\u0131 y\u00f6nde: AyM 2015).<\/p>\n

    2-) \u015e\u00fcphesiz ki; b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n namlular\u0131n\u0131n sald\u0131r\u0131 ve savunmada kullanma amac\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmayacak uzunlukta ve geni\u015flikte da olmalar\u0131 da uygun olacakt\u0131r. Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 hukukta kesici k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n en fazla belli bir uzunlukta olmas\u0131 da aranm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin Alman hukukunda,\u00a0 kesici k\u0131sm\u0131n 12 santimetreden uzun olmas\u0131 yasak kapsam\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr (Waffengesetz, \u00a7 42a\/1-3).\u00a0 ETCK\u2019n\u0131n 265. Maddesinde b\u0131\u00e7ak i\u00e7in\u00a0 toplam 25 cm\u2019lik azami uzunluk \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Uygulamada:<\/p>\n

    2a-) Ordu Valili\u011fince \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan bir \u201cgenel emir\u201dde 8 cm\u2019den uzun namlulu b\u0131\u00e7aklar yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (O ilde.., 2015). -Unutmamak gerekir ki: Bu karar o il ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olup, o il\u2019in ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde al\u0131nan karard\u0131r.-<\/p>\n

    2b-) Bir davada \u201cEmniyet \u2026 Kriminal Polis Laboratuvar\u0131(n\u0131n) 8 Aral\u0131k 2010\u2019da haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 rapor dikkat \u00e7ekmi\u015ftir. Bu raporda 15 cm\u2019lik namlusu bulunan b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n yasak olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir. (26\u2026, 2011).<\/p>\n

    Bu arada namlunun azami geni\u015fli\u011fi de \u00f6nemsenmelidir. Geni\u015fli\u011findeki\u00a0 Belli bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcden az olanlar kanundaki sivri u\u00e7lu b\u0131\u00e7ak fazlas\u0131yla geni\u015f olanlar han\u00e7er gibi addedilebilirler. Bu nedenle kanaatimizce makul olan\u0131 \u00f6rne\u011fin, 1 cm\u2019den az, 2 cm\u2019den fazla olmamas\u0131d\u0131r.[9]<\/a><\/p>\n

    Nihayetinde b\u0131\u00e7aklarda b\u00f6yle bir azami uzunlu\u011fun ve geni\u015fli\u011fin mevzuatla belirlenmesi yerinde olacakt\u0131r. Halizhaz\u0131rda bu bak\u0131mdan do\u011facak teredd\u00fctler ise san\u0131k ya da fail lehine yorumlanmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u015e\u00fcpheden san\u0131\u011f\u0131n yararlanmas\u0131 evrensel ve \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f san\u0131k haklar\u0131ndand\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    3.2. Kanunla Yasaklanan B\u0131\u00e7aklara \u201cBenzer \u00d6zellikli Aletler\u201d<\/h4>\n

    3.2.1. ASBAK\u2019taki \u201cBenzer Aletler\u201d Deyimine \u0130li\u015fkin De\u011ferlendirme<\/h4>\n

    ASBAK\u2019taki (madde: 4), (kanunda yasaklanan b\u0131\u00e7aklara) \u201c\u00f6zel nitelikteki benzeri aletler\u201din su\u00e7 te\u015fkil etmesi, hukuk devletinde \u201cbelirlilik\u201d \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct\u00fcne uygun de\u011fildir. Kanunda mu\u011flak kalan konular, ki\u015filerin lehine yorumlanmal\u0131d\u0131rlar. \u201cBenzer\u201d tabiri, su\u00e7 kapsam\u0131n\u0131 keyfi \u015fekilde geni\u015fletici olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclemez. B\u00f6yle bir geni\u015fletme, \u201ckanunsuz su\u00e7 olmaz\u201d prensibine ayk\u0131r\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Bir emsal kararda; \u201ciki par\u00e7adan olu\u015fan kabzas\u0131n\u0131 namluyu kabza ucunda sabitleme kilidiyle ba\u011flayan b\u0131\u00e7ak[10]<\/a> \u201c\u2026tip ve niteli\u011fi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ‘sustal\u0131\u00a0\u00e7ak\u0131’ benzeri olarak m\u00fctalaa edil(mi\u015ftir).\u201d[11]<\/a> (Yarg\u0131tay 2016).<\/p>\n

    Temel haklar\u0131n ancak kanunla s\u0131n\u0131rlanabilir (Anayasa madde: 13). Bir b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n, salt sald\u0131r\u0131 ya da savunmaya \u00f6zg\u00fc oldu\u011fu kesinle\u015ftirilmeden; (di\u011fer b\u0131\u00e7aklarla) \u201cbenzerlik\u201d kurulmas\u0131 kanunda olmayan yasak koymak anlam\u0131na gelecektir. Anayasadaki \u201ckanunla s\u0131n\u0131rlanma\u201d, kanunda teredd\u00fcde mahal vermeyecek a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131ktaki s\u0131n\u0131rlamad\u0131r. Teredd\u00fcde sebebiyet verecek belirsizlikler, ki\u015filer lehine yorumlan\u0131rlar. Kald\u0131 ki;<\/p>\n

    1-) \u00d6rne\u011fin bir valili\u011fin \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 genel emirle, kelebek veya sabitlenebilir namlu vasf\u0131 bulunan her t\u00fcrl\u00fc kesici\u00a0aletler yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n \u00f6nceden, kanunlara g\u00f6re serbest oldu\u011fu kabul edilmi\u015f olmaktad\u0131r. (O ilde\u2026, 2015).<\/p>\n

    2-) Yarg\u0131tay ba\u015fka karar\u0131nda, kelebek tabir edilen ve (i\u015fler bir ya da hi\u00e7) sustal\u0131 tertibat\u0131na sahip olmayan (ayn\u0131) b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n su\u00e7 te\u015fkil etmeyece\u011fi sonucuna varm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (Yarg\u0131tay 2003). Yarg\u0131tay (2003), bu karar\u0131nda, \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ayn\u0131 y\u00f6ndeki yaz\u0131s\u0131na dayanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu karar Yarg\u0131tay Ceza Genel Kurulunca da onanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (bak\u0131n\u0131z: Yarg\u0131tay 2004). Bu durum, bir b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n, ASBAK\u2019ta yasaklanan b\u0131\u00e7aklara a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a benzer bir \u00f6zelli\u011fi bulunmad\u0131k\u00e7a su\u00e7 te\u015fkil etmeyece\u011fini anlatmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    3.2.2. \u201cBenzer Aletler\u201di Hukuka Uygun Olarak Geni\u015fletici \u0130stisna<\/h4>\n

    Ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 tertibata g\u00f6re g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u015flev yasal h\u00fck\u00fcmlerle yasaklanan b\u0131\u00e7aklarla ayn\u0131 ya da benzer olan b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n yasaklanmalar\u0131 hukuka uygundur. \u201cBenzer\u201d b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n hukuka uygun yasaklanmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in, salt savunma ya da sald\u0131r\u0131da kullan\u0131labilecek i\u015fleve sahip olmal\u0131d\u0131rlar. ASBAK, 4 maddede yaz\u0131l\u0131 aletlere \u201csalt sald\u0131r\u0131 ve savunmada kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere \u00f6zel nitelikteki benzeri aletlerin\u201d<\/em> yasaklanmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u00d6rne\u011fin Kanunda \u201csustal\u0131 \u00e7ak\u0131\u201dn\u0131n tan\u0131m\u0131 yoktur. Kabzedeki d\u00fc\u011fmeye bas\u0131nca otomatik (yandan) a\u00e7\u0131lan ve\/veya b\u0131\u00e7ak sustal\u0131 \u00e7ak\u0131 addedilmektedir. Keza, tertibat d\u00fc\u011fmesine bas\u0131nca kabze i\u00e7inden otomatik olarak ileri f\u0131rlayan b\u0131\u00e7aklar da i\u015flev olarak sustal\u0131 \u00e7ak\u0131ya benzemektedir. Bu b\u0131\u00e7ak kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 hukukta da yasak kapsam\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (Alman Hukuku i\u00e7in bak\u0131n\u0131z: Waffengesetz, \u00a7 1 Abs. 4; ayn\u0131 y\u00f6nde: PBL, 52).<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/a>3.3. \u0130dar\u00ee \u0130\u015flemlerdeki S\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131c\u0131 H\u00fck\u00fcmlerin Su\u00e7a Etkisi<\/h4>\n

    3.3.1. Y\u00f6netmelikler A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan<\/h4>\n

    (1) ASBAY ve <\/em><\/strong>ASTBASBY\u2019<\/u><\/em><\/strong>a Ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u201cSu\u00e7\u201d Olu\u015fturup Olu\u015fturmamas\u0131 Sorunu<\/em><\/strong><\/h5>\n

    1-) ASTBASBK av b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n\u0131n yasaklanmas\u0131na ili\u015fk\u015fin bir h\u00fck\u00fcmm koymam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. ASTBASBY av b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fin yukar\u0131ya al\u0131nan 11\/3 maddesi di\u011fer h\u00fck\u00fcmleri ile birlikte incelendi\u011finde tan\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 spor ya da av b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 yasaklayan i\u00e7eri\u011fe sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. H\u00fck\u00fcm, ancak torbada veya ani sald\u0131r\u0131da kullanmay\u0131 engelleyecek \u015fekilde k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t ya da bezle sar\u0131l\u0131p paketlenmi\u015f olarak\u00a0 ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131na amirdir. Bu h\u00fckme ayk\u0131r\u0131 davrananlara da yasal i\u015flem yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Fakat yap\u0131lacak yasal i\u015flem de belli de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

    2-) ASBAK:<\/p>\n

    2a-) 1. maddesinde b\u0131\u00e7aklarla ilgili olarak kendisinin (ASBAK\u2019\u0131n) uygulanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

    2b-) 4. maddesinde yasak kapsam\u0131ndaki b\u0131\u00e7ak ve aletleri belirtmi\u015f;14\/1 ve 15\/1. maddeslerinde \u201cbu kanun (ASBAK) h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine\u201d ayk\u0131r\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 su\u00e7 addetmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

    Ancak, bu kanun; kararname veya y\u00f6netmelik gibi d\u00fczenleyici i\u015flemlerle su\u00e7 koymas\u0131na ili\u015fkin olarak idareye yetki vermemi\u015ftir.<\/h5>\n

    ASBAY\u2019\u0131n \u00f6rne\u011fin 54. maddesinde b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 yasaklanm\u0131\u015f, nakilleri i\u00e7in muhafaza tertibat\u0131 al\u0131nmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. ASBAY bunlara ayk\u0131r\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n ASBAK\u2019\u0131n 15. maddesine g\u00f6re cezaland\u0131r\u0131lacaklar\u0131n\u0131 da h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    3-) Hukukumuzda su\u00e7lar\u0131n ve cezalar kanunla konulur. Anayasan\u0131n 38. maddesi ve TCK kanunsuz su\u00e7 ve ceza olmayaca\u011f\u0131 ilkesini \u00f6ng\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Y\u00fcr\u00fctmenin yasal hudutlar dairesinde baz\u0131 fiilleri su\u00e7 olarak tavsif etmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir (bak\u0131n\u0131z: Soyaslan, 56; Tosun, 351). Bu hallerde kanun bir su\u00e7un h\u00fck\u00fcm unsurunu saptad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201c\u00e7er\u00e7eve\u201dde d\u00fczenleme yetkisini idareye verebilmektedir (Ersoy, 23). \u201cA\u00e7\u0131k ceza kural\u0131\u201d (Ersoy, 23) denilebilecek bu \u00e7er\u00e7evenin idarece doldurulmas\u0131 hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmemktedir. AyM ve Dan\u0131\u015ftay kararlar\u0131yla doktrin, y\u00fcr\u00fctmenin ya da idarenin bir su\u00e7 koymas\u0131 i\u00e7in kanunkoyucu taraf\u0131ndan ve kanunla s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 belirlenmi\u015f \u015fekilde yetkilendirilmesini aramaktad\u0131r.[12]<\/a><\/p>\n

    Y\u00f6netmelikler Anayasan\u0131n 124 maddesine g\u00f6re kanunun ve Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararnamesinin uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stereceklerlerdir. Bundan ba\u015fka bir sebeple \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lamazlar. Bu nedenle, ASBAY ya da ASTBASBY\u2019daki d\u00fczenlemelerin kanunda yer almayan yasaklar\u0131 koyacak kadar geni\u015fletilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Nitekim yukar\u0131da de\u011finilen Yarg\u0131tay (2010; 2014; 2017.) kararlar\u0131nda da \u201ckanun kapsam\u0131na girmeyen\u201d b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n su\u00e7 te\u015fkil etmeyece\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir.[13]<\/a><\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong>(2) Y\u00f6netmeliklere Ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u201cKabahat\u201d A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Durumu<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    1-) 5326 say\u0131l\u0131 Kabahatler Kanununun (Kab. K.\u2019n\u0131n) 32. maddesi, yetkili makamlar taraf\u0131ndan uyulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in konulan emir ve yasaklara ayk\u0131r\u0131 davran\u0131\u015fa idar\u00ee ceza\/yapt\u0131r\u0131m \u00f6ng\u00f6rmektedir. Bu h\u00fckm\u00fcn uygulanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, bu d\u00fczenlemelerin \u00f6zel kanunlar\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131k h\u00fck\u00fcm bulunmas\u0131 gerekmektedir (Kab. K.\u2019n\u0131n 32\/2; Yarg\u0131tay 1973). Halbuki ASBAK ve ASTBASBK\u2019da verilecek emirlere ayk\u0131r\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flarda Kab. K.\u2019n\u0131n 32. maddesinin uygulanaca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin bir h\u00fck\u00fcm yoktur.<\/p>\n

    2-) Kab.K. 43. maddesine g\u00f6re, \u201cYetkili makamlardan ruhsat almaks\u0131z\u0131n kanuna g\u00f6re yasak olmayan silahlar\u0131 (meydanlarda) g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr bir \u015fekilde ta\u015f\u0131mak (yasakt\u0131r. Aksi hale) kolluk taraf\u0131ndan elli T\u00fcrk Liras\u0131 idar\u00ee para cezas\u0131 verilir.\u201d Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm yasak olmayan silahlardan bahsetmi\u015ftir. Kab. K.\u2019n\u0131n bu h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn 765 say\u0131l\u0131 \u201cm\u00fclga\u201d T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanununun (MTCK) 549 maddesini kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in konuldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Kab. K.\u2019n\u0131n bu h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn, ruhsats\u0131z t\u00fcfekleri ta\u015f\u0131may\u0131 engellemeye y\u00f6nelik olarak konuldu\u011fu[14]<\/a> gibi bir izlenim olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r (\u00c7a\u011flayan, 223). Nitekim, ASTBASBK\u2019\u0131n 13. maddesinde yivsiz av t\u00fcfeklerini bulundurana veya ta\u015f\u0131yanlara ETCK\u2019n\u0131n 549 maddesinin uygulanaca\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir (Yal\u00e7\u0131n,191). Fakat t\u00fcm bunlar, Kab. K.\u2019n\u0131n bu h\u00fckm\u00fcndeki silah tabirinin av t\u00fcfe\u011fi ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 tutmak i\u00e7in hakl\u0131 sebep de\u011fildirler. Zira ASBAK\u2019ta ve di\u011fer mevzuatta yer alan \u201csilah tan\u0131mlar\u0131 ve kapsamlar\u0131 hukukumzda ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d (Benzer g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f bak\u0131n\u0131z: Yal\u00e7\u0131n, 190, 191).<\/p>\n

    Kab. K.\u2019n\u0131n 43 maddesi, yetkili makamlardan ruhsata al\u0131narak ta\u015f\u0131nabilecek silahler\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nma y\u00f6ntemini belirtmektedir.<\/h5>\n

    Buna g\u00f6re, ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 yasak olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi ruhsata ba\u011fl\u0131 da olmayan silahlar bu madde kapasam\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmemelidir. (Ayn\u0131 kanaat: Yal\u00e7\u0131n, 192). Bu nedenle ASTBASBY\u2019\u0131n, \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc h\u00fck\u00fcmlere uyulmadan av b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131nda \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yasal i\u015flemin bu 43. maddeye g\u00f6re yap\u0131lmas\u0131 da \u015f\u00fcphelidir. Bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f (Yal\u00e7\u0131n, 192) av b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n\u0131n ve a\u00e7\u0131kta ta\u015f\u0131nan her b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n bu kapsama girebilece\u011fini s\u00f6ylemektedir. Bu gibi hususlar\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa kavu\u015fturulmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n

    (3) Genelge veya \u201cGenel Emir\u201dlerin B\u0131\u00e7ak Ta\u015f\u0131may\u0131 Yasaklay\u0131c\u0131 Etkileri<\/u> <\/em><\/strong><\/h5>\n

    1-) A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da de\u011finilece\u011fi \u00fczere, kanunlarda yasaklanmam\u0131\u015f kesici ve delici aletler, KAB.K.\u2019n\u0131n 32 ve 5442 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130l \u0130daresi Kanununun (\u0130\u0130K\u2019n\u0131n) 9\/c maddesine g\u00f6re, Valiliklerce ilan edilerek yasaklanmaktad\u0131r (\u00f6rne\u011fin: B\u0131\u00e7ak\u2026, 2014). Bu yetki Valilere \u00f6zg\u00fc ve il s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde ge\u00e7erlidir. \u0130\u0130K\u2019n\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yollamadan, valilik emirlerine aykr\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011fa, Kab. K.\u2019n\u0131n 32. maddesine g\u00f6re yapt\u0131r\u0131m uygulanabilece\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131labilmektedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan il valiliklerine \u201cgenel emir \u00e7\u0131karma\u201d talimat\u0131 vermek de m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr (\u00d6rnek olarak bak\u0131n\u0131z: Taksicilerle\u2026, 2018).[15]<\/a><\/p>\n

    2-) Genelgeler bir kamu kurulu\u015funda, \u00fcst makamlar\u0131n ast makamlara verdikleri, hizmetin g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fc\u015f usulleri ya da te\u015fkilat i\u00e7 d\u00fczeni ile ilgili d\u00fczenleyici emirlerdir. Emir gibi d\u00fczenleyici i\u015flemler, hiyarar\u015fik denetim usul\u00fcn\u00fcn vas\u0131talar\u0131ndan birisidir. Bunlar kamu kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7 d\u00fczeninde kendi te\u015fkilat ve personelini ba\u011flayacakt\u0131r. (Derdiman, 2015a: 21; \u00d6zay, 350; Em, 25). Bu durumda, genelge ve emirler, hizmetin verildi\u011fi vatanda\u015fa hak veya y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck getirici i\u00e7eri\u011fe sahip olamazlar. Toplumu genelge de\u011fil, dayanak kanundaki a\u00e7\u0131k h\u00fck\u00fcm ba\u011flar. \u015eu halde, genelgeyle, kanunda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmeyen bir y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclemeyecektir.<\/p>\n

    Sonu\u00e7<\/em><\/h2>\n
    Nihayetinde;<\/em><\/h5>\n

    1-) Hukuken:<\/p>\n

    1a-) ASBAK\u2019taki yasak b\u0131\u00e7aklardan ve \u201csalt sald\u0131r\u0131 ve savunmada kullan\u0131lmak maksad\u0131na uygun \u00f6zel nitelikte imal edilmi\u015f olmayan;[16]<\/a><\/p>\n

    1b-) Yukar\u0131dakilere, (ASBAK\u2019ta yaz\u0131l\u0131 olan \u015fekilde) \u201cbenzer\u201d aletler kapsam\u0131na girmeyen;<\/p>\n

    1c-) Kamu d\u00fczeni maksad\u0131yla idarece \u201cgenel emir\u201dlerle yasaklanmayan;<\/p>\n

    2-) Ki\u015filerin yanlar\u0131nda \u2013meyve soymak gibi maksatlarla veya- zevk i\u00e7in ya da ba\u015fka gaye ile bulundurdu\u011fu;<\/p>\n

    3-) Elle a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p elle kapat\u0131labilen;<\/p>\n

    4-) Kesici k\u0131sm\u0131 (namlusu) sald\u0131r\u0131 ya da savunmada kullan\u0131lmay\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmayacak uzunlukta ve geni\u015flikte olan;<\/p>\n

    \u201cCep b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131\u201d \u015feklinde tan\u0131mlayabilece\u011fimiz (Do\u011fan. 204)\u00a0 \u00e7ak\u0131lar\u0131 ya da b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131<\/em> su\u00e7 ve elkoyma kapsam\u0131na sokmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.\u201d (Derdiman, 2007: 393, 394).<\/p>\n

    Burada \u00f6zellikle d\u00fc\u011fmesine bas\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda otomatok a\u00e7\u0131labilen sustal\u0131 \u00e7ak\u0131lar\u0131n su\u00e7 te\u015fkil etti\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek gerekir. Elle a\u00e7\u0131larak sabitle\u015ftirilebilen ama yine mandal\u0131ndan kurtar\u0131lmas\u0131 ve kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 el ile yap\u0131labilen b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n sustal\u0131ya\u00a0 benzemedi\u011fi salt sald\u0131r\u0131 veya savunma amac\u0131yla ta\u015f\u0131nan b\u0131\u00e7ak ya da benzeri olmamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi kanaatimizi belirtmeliyiz.\u00a0Keza kelebek addedilen, kabzeleri elle a\u00e7\u0131larak sabitle\u015ftirilerek namlusu a\u00e7\u0131labilen b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n da buna benzer addedilmesi gerekti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmekteyiz.\u00a0Bunlar yasak addedilmeleri i\u00e7in mevzuatta a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a yap\u0131lacak yasaklanma ile olabilecek teredd\u00fctler giderilmelidir.\u00a0Mevzuatta a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a yasaklama olmayan ve yasaklama benzeri b\u0131\u00e7aklar kapsam\u0131na girmeyen b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131nda \u015f\u00fcpheli bir durum bile san\u0131\u011f\u0131n lehine yorumlanmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n

    Di\u011fer taraftan;<\/em><\/h5>\n

    Hukukumuzda b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n kesici k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n (namlusunun) uzunlu\u011fu ve geni\u015fli\u011fine ili\u015fkin bir d\u00fczenleme yoktur. ETCK\u2019da t\u00fcm uzunlu\u011fun en fazla 25 cm olmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu ya da benzeri h\u00fck\u00fcm g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki mevzuatta yoktur. Yarg\u0131 i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131na konu teknik raporlarda 15 cm\u2019lik uzunluk bile yasak kapsam\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir. Namlu uzunlu\u011fu tahminen 10-15 cm\u2019ye geni\u015flikleri yine tahminen 2 cm\u2019ye kadar olan b\u0131\u00e7aklar bir belge olmadan serbest\u00e7e al\u0131n\u0131p sat\u0131labilmektedirler. Yukar\u0131da zikredilen \u201c\u015f\u00fcphe\u201d bu konudada ge\u00e7erli olabilecektir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla salt sald\u0131r\u0131 ve savunmaya elveri\u015fli \u00f6zel niteli\u011fiyle yasak b\u0131\u00e7aklara benzerli\u011fi kesin olmayan b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n; namlu uzunlu\u011funun veya geni\u015fli\u011finin salt sald\u0131r\u0131 ve savunmaya y\u00f6nelik olmay\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rabilece\u011fi durumlarda da\u00a0 \u015f\u00fcphe san\u0131k lehine yorumlanacakt\u0131r. T\u00fcm bu hal ve \u015fartlar, nevi \u015fahs\u0131na m\u00fcnhas\u0131r olup, her bir olay i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 de\u011ferlendirleceklerdir.<\/p>\n

    TCK\u2019n\u0131n an\u0131lan 6. maddesi g\u00f6zetilerek, ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn t\u00fcm b\u0131\u00e7aklar sald\u0131r\u0131 ya da savunmaya elveri\u015fli halde ta\u015f\u0131nmamal\u0131d\u0131rlar. ASBAY\u2019\u0131n 54 ya da ASTBASBY\u2019\u0131n 11\/3 maddesi ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 yasak olmayan b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nma y\u00f6ntemleri getirmektedirler. Bu akpsamdaki b\u0131\u00e7aklar, kapal\u0131 bir torba veya \u00e7antada veya bir k\u0131l\u0131f ya da sar\u0131l\u0131 paket halinde \u00fcstte ta\u015f\u0131nabilmelidirler.<\/p>\n

    30.03.2019<\/em><\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    KAYNAK\u00c7A\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/u><\/em>:<\/em><\/h2>\n

    1. Eserler<\/em><\/h3>\n

    Ayverdi, \u0130lhan (2006). Misalli B\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrk\u00e7e S\u00f6zl\u00fck,<\/em> cilt: 1, Kubbealt\u0131 Ne\u015friyat, \u0130stanbul.<\/p>\n

    \u00c7a\u011flayan, Ramazan (2006). \u0130dari Yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar Hukuku<\/em>, Adalet Yay\u0131nar\u0131, Ankara.<\/p>\n

    Derdiman, R. Cengiz (2007). Polis Y\u00f6netimi ve Hukuku,<\/em> mevzuattaki en son de\u011fi\u015fikliklere g\u00f6re yeniden yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f 3. Bask\u0131, Nobel Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, Ankara.<\/p>\n

    Derdiman, R. Cengiz (2013). Anayasa Hukuku,<\/em> 3. Bask\u0131, Akt\u00fcel Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 Bursa.<\/p>\n

    Derdiman, R. Cengiz (2015). Hukuk Ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131,<\/em> G\u00f6zden Ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f 5. Bask\u0131, Akt\u00fcel Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, Bursa.<\/p>\n

    Derdiman, R. Cengiz (2015a). \u0130dare Hukuku,<\/em> Geni\u015fletilmi\u015f ve G\u00fcncellenmi\u015f 5. Bask\u0131, Akt\u00fcel yay\u0131nlar\u0131, Bursa.<\/p>\n

    Em, Ali (2003). Kanunlar\u0131n \u0130dari D\u00fczenleyici Tasarruflar\u0131n Yap\u0131m Tekni\u011fi<\/em>, 4. Bask\u0131, Turhan Kitabevi, Ankara,2003, s. 25, nak: F\u0131nd\u0131kl\u0131, Remzi-Bilgi\u00e7, Veysel, \u0130dare Hukuku, Geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f III. Bask\u0131, Anadolu Yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k, Ankara, 2006, s. 37.<\/p>\n

    Do\u011fan, D. Mehmet (1996). B\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrk\u00e7e S\u00f6zl\u00fck<\/em>, <\/strong>\u0130z yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k, \u0130stanbul.<\/p>\n

    Erdin\u00e7, Tahsin (2010). \u0130nsan Odakl\u0131 Devlet ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck \u00d6ncelikli Anayasa<\/em>,<\/em> XII Levha Yay\u0131n-lar\u0131, \u0130stanbul. S. 206.<\/p>\n

    Erman, Hasan (2012). E\u015fya Hukuku Dersleri,<\/em> G\u00f6zden Ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f 2. Bas\u0131m, Der Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul.<\/p>\n

    *<\/h5>\n

    Ersoy, Y\u00fcksel (2002). Ceza Hukuku<\/em>, \u0130maj Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, Ankara.<\/p>\n

    \u00d6zay, \u0130l Han (2002). G\u00fcn\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Y\u00f6netim<\/em>, Alfa Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 \u0130stenbul.<\/p>\n

    Soyaslan, Do\u011fan (1990). Y\u00fcr\u00fctme Organ\u0131n\u0131n Su\u00e7 ve Ceza Koyma Yetkisi, <\/em>Kazanc\u0131 Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, Ankara.<\/p>\n

    \u015eemseddin Sami (2010). Kamus-\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00ee<\/em>, T\u00fcrk Dil Kurumu Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, Ankara.<\/p>\n

    Tosun, \u00d6ztekin (1962). \u201cY\u00fcr\u00fctme Organlar\u0131n\u0131n Koydu\u011fu Kaidelere Ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n Cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\u201d, \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi Hukuk Fak\u00fcltesi Mecmu<\/em>as\u0131, cilt: 28, say\u0131: 2, ss: 349-366.<\/p>\n

    Yal\u00e7\u0131n, \u0130smail (2007). T\u00fcm Y\u00f6nleriyle Kabahatler Hukuku<\/em>, Se\u00e7kin Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, Ankara.<\/p>\n

    Yongal\u0131k, Aynur (2011). \u201c<\/strong>\u2018\u0130stisnalar Dar Yorumlan\u0131r\u2019 Kural\u0131 ve De\u011ferlendirilmesi\u201d, Ankara \u00dcniversitesi Hukuk Fak\u00fcltesi Dergisi<\/em>, cilt: 60\u00a0 say\u0131: 1, y\u0131l: 2011, ss: 1-15.<\/p>\n

    2. \u0130nternet Kaynaklar\u0131<\/em><\/h3>\n

    26\u2026, (2011). \u201c’26 santimetre’lik b\u0131\u00e7akla gezmek yasaya uygun!\u201d, T24,<\/em> 21 Ocak 2011 02:00 https:\/\/t24.com.tr\/haber\/26-santimetrelik-bicakla-gezmek-yasaya-uygun,123247<\/a> (24.03.2019).<\/p>\n

    B\u0131\u00e7ak Ta\u015f\u0131man\u0131n Cezas\u0131 Belli Oldu (2014). 22 Eyl\u00fcl 2014 Pazartesi 11:52 –\u00a0Son G\u00fcncelleme 22 Eyl\u00fcl 2014 Pazartesi 12:02 https:\/\/www.trthaber.com\/haber\/gundem\/bicak-tasimanin-cezasi-belli-oldu-145179.html<\/a>\u00a0 (17.03.2019).<\/p>\n

    B\u0131\u00e7ak Ta\u015f\u0131mak Yasakland\u0131 (1970). G\u00fcncelleme Tarihi:\u00a001 Ocak 1970, Per\u015fembe – 02:00 http:\/\/www.belge.com.tr\/haber-121608-bicak_tasimak_yasaklandi.html<\/a>\u00a0 (17.03.2019)<\/p>\n

    Hangi\u2026 (2018). Hangi B\u0131\u00e7aklar Ta\u015f\u0131nabilir? Yasak Olmayan B\u0131\u00e7aklar Hangileridir? (2018), https:\/\/www.egzersiz antrenman. com\/hangi-bicaklar-tasinabilir\/\u00a0 (16.03.2019)<\/p>\n

    Taksicilerle\u2026, (2018). \u201cTaksicilerle \u0130lgili 81 \u0130le Genelge G\u00f6nderildi\u201d https:\/\/www.icisleri.gov.tr\/taksicilerle-ilgili-81-ile-genelge-gonderildi<\/a> (27.03.2019)<\/p>\n

    *<\/h5>\n

    O \u0130lde\u2026, (2015). \u201cO ilde b\u0131\u00e7ak ta\u015f\u0131mak yasakland\u0131\u201d Yeni Akit,<\/em> 14 A\u011fustos 2015 Cuma 16:41, https:\/\/www.yeniakit.com.tr\/ haber\/o-ilde-bicak-tasimak-yasaklandi-86950.html<\/a>, (26.03.2019).<\/p>\n

    PBL (2011).\u00a0 Waffen, verbotene Waffen und Gegenst\u00e4nde<\/em>, PBL (Polizeipr\u00e4sidium Bereich Landeskriminalamt), Polizeilicher Jugendschutz Themenheft 2,\u00a0 4., \u00fcberarbeitete Auflage, Inhaltliche Bearbeitung J\u00f6rg R\u00f6ger, Eberswalde. https:\/\/ww w.schuetzenverein-blankenloch-1913.de\/app\/download\/5796985979\/Waf fen-Verbotene+Waffen+ und+Gegenst% C3%A4nde.pdf (16.03.2019)<\/p>\n

    TBMM (2005). T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi Adalet Komisyonu Raporu, 22. D\u00f6nem 3. Yasama Y\u0131l\u0131 s\u0131ra say\u0131s\u0131: 840, https:\/\/www.tbmm.gov.tr\/sirasayi\/donem22\/yil01\/ss840m.htm<\/a> (15.03.2019)<\/p>\n

    TBMM (2005a). T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi Genel Kurul Tutana\u011f\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisinin Genel Kurulunda 22. D\u00f6nem 3. Yasama Y\u0131l\u0131nda\u00a0 29\/Mart \/2005 Sal\u0131 g\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00a076. Birle\u015fimi, https:\/\/www.tbmm.gov.tr\/develop\/owa\/tutan ak_g_sd.birlesim_baslangic ?P4=14065&P5=B&PAGE1=89&PAGE2=89<\/a> (15.03.2019)<\/p>\n

    Waffengesetz (2002). Ausfertigungsdatum: 11.10.2002, http:\/\/www.gesetze-im-internet.de\/waffg_2002\/WaffG.pdf<\/a> (18.03.2019).<\/p>\n

    Waffenrecht (2008). Bayerisches Staatsministerium des Innern, https:\/\/www.alte-ritter.de\/files\/5\/stellungnahme-des-bayer-innenministeriums-zum-neu.pdf<\/a> (16.03.2019).<\/p>\n

    3. \u0130\u00e7tihatlar<\/em><\/h3>\n

    AyM (2011). Anayasa Mahkemesinin 13.01.2011 tarihli ve\u00a0 esas: 2009\/21, karar: 2011\/16 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131.<\/p>\n

    AyM (2014). Anayasa Mahkemesinin 16.01.2014 tarihli ve\u00a0 esas: 2013\/61,\u00a0 karar: 2014\/3 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131.<\/p>\n

    AyM (2015). Anayasa Mahkemesinin 10.9.2015 tarihli ve\u00a0 esas: 2015\/25,\u00a0 karar: 2015\/81 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131.<\/p>\n

    Dan\u0131\u015ftay (2016). Dan\u0131\u015ftay 15. Dairesinin\u00a0\u00a012.10.2016 tarihli ve \u00a0esas: 2016\/6791 say\u0131l\u0131 (y\u00fcr\u00fctmeyi durdurma) karar\u0131.<\/p>\n

    Yarg\u0131tay (1973). Yarg\u0131tay Ceza Genel Kurulunun 12\/11\/1973 tarihli ve 333\/705 say\u0131l\u0131 Karar\u0131, Nakleden: Kabahatler Kanunu Tasar\u0131s\u0131 ve Adalet Komisyonu Raporu (1\/993), https:\/\/www.tbmm.gov.tr\/tutanaklar\/TUTANAK\/TBMM\/d22\/c079\/tbmm 22079076ss0840.pdf<\/a> (26.03.2019).<\/p>\n

    Yarg\u0131tay (2003). Yarg\u0131tay 8. Ceza Dairesinin 10.03.2003 g\u00fcn ve 6346-113 say\u0131 karar\u0131, nakleden: Yarg\u0131tay 2004).<\/p>\n

    Yarg\u0131tay (2004). Yarg\u0131tay Ceza Genel Kurulunun 17.02.2004\u00a0tarihli ve Esas No: 2004\/8-17 Karar No: 2004\/36 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131.<\/p>\n

    Yarg\u0131tay (2010). Yarg\u0131tay 8. Ceza Dairesinin 4.5.2010\u00a0tarihli ve Esas No: 2008\/9885 Karar No: 2010\/6728 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131.<\/p>\n

    Yarg\u0131tay (2013). Yarg\u0131tay 4. Ceza Dairesinin 2.7.2013<\/strong>\u00a0tarihli ve Esas No: 2013\/2189 <\/strong>Karar No: 2014\/23662<\/strong> say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131<\/p>\n

    Yarg\u0131tay (2014). Yarg\u0131tay 8. Ceza Dairesinin 12.11.2014\u00a0tarihli ve Esas No: 2014\/7996 Karar No: 2014\/25899 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131.<\/p>\n

    Yarg\u0131tay (2016). Yarg\u0131tay Ceza Genel Kurulunun 29.03.2016\u00a0tarihli ve Esas No: 2014\/738 Karar No: 2016\/149 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131.<\/p>\n

    Yarg\u0131tay (2016a).\u00a0 Yarg\u0131tay\u00a0Ceza Genel Kurulunun\u00a003.05.2016 tarihli ve Esas: 2014\/708, Karar: 2016\/225 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131.<\/p>\n

    Yarg\u0131tay (2017). Yarg\u0131tay 8. Ceza Dairesinin 7.3.2017\u00a0tarihli ve Esas No: 2015\/15108 Karar No: 2017\/2266 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131.<\/p>\n

    Yarg\u0131tay (2017a). Yarg\u0131tay 1.Ceza Dairesinin 6.11.2017<\/strong>\u00a0tarihli ve Esas No: 2016\/2195<\/strong> Karar No: 2017\/3737<\/strong> say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131.<\/p>\n

    Yarg\u0131tay (2018). Yarg\u0131tay 8. Ceza Dairesinin 4.10.2018<\/strong>\u00a0tarihli ve Esas No: 2018\/6065<\/strong> Karar No: 2018\/10363<\/strong> say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131.<\/p>\n

    Yarg\u0131tay (2018a). Yarg\u0131tay\u00a0 8.Ceza Dairesinin\u00a025.12.2018 Esas: 201\/23265\u00a0 Karar: 2018\/15118\u00a0say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131.<\/p>\n

    Yarg\u0131tay (2018b). Yarg\u0131tay\u00a0 8.Ceza Dairesinin \u00a024.12.2018 Esas: 2018\/ 1571\u00a0 Karar: 2018 \/ 14926\u00a0say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131.<\/p>\n

    YCBS, (2014). Yarg\u0131tay Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ise 30.06.2014 g\u00fcn ve 189772 say\u0131l\u0131 tebli\u011fnamesi, nak: Yarg\u0131tay, 2016a.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Dikkat\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/u><\/strong><\/em>:<\/strong><\/em><\/h5>\n

    1-)\u00a0 Bu makalenin, yasalara uygun \u015fekilde kaynak g\u00f6sterilip at\u0131f yap\u0131larak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 hari\u00e7, r\u0131zam\u0131z ve iznimiz al\u0131nmadan ba\u015fka yerlerde yay\u0131mlanamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve kullan\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlatmak isteriz. Bu hususta <\/em>Yasal Uyar\u0131<\/em><\/a> sayfas\u0131n\u0131 da kontrol edebilirsiniz.<\/em>2-) Bu makaleye at\u0131f yap\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde:<\/em><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Cengiz Derdiman, \u201c<\/em>Ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131 Yasak Olmayan B\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n Tespitine \u0130li\u015fkin De\u011ferlendirmeler\u201d, Hukuki Yakla\u015f\u0131m Sitesi, <\/em>\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026. Eri\u015fim Tarihi: ..\/..\/20..<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u015eeklinde kaynak g\u00f6sterilmesi gerekmektedir.<\/em>3-) \u0130znimiz ve r\u0131zam\u0131z al\u0131nmas\u0131 kayd\u0131yla di\u011fer kullan\u0131mlarda da mutlaka:<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Kaynak: <\/em>R. Cengiz Derdiman, \u201c<\/em>Ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131 Yasak Olmayan B\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n Tespitine \u0130li\u015fkin De\u011ferlendirmeler\u201d, Hukuki Yakla\u015f\u0131m Sitesi, <\/em>\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026. Eri\u015fim Tarihi: ..\/..\/20..\u015eeklinde kaynak g\u00f6sterilmelidir.<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

      D\u0130PNOTLAR<\/h4>\n

      [1]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bu kararda \u201ckaba \u00fcst aramas\u0131nda pantolon kemerine tak\u0131l\u0131\u00a0sustal\u0131\u00a0\u00e7ak\u0131 benzeri b\u0131\u00e7ak bulundu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lan san\u0131\u011f\u0131n eyleminde kolayca tespiti m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 bilin\u00e7li olarak ve cezaevine sokma saikiyle g\u00f6revlilere teslim etmedi\u011fi \u015feklinde bir sonuca var\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131\u201d belirtilmi\u015ftir. Yarg\u0131tay (2016a) karar\u0131nda \u201cSan\u0131\u011f\u0131n, su\u00e7a konu\u00a0b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u00a0ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n yasak oldu\u011funu bilmedi\u011fini savundu\u011fu\u201d dikkat \u00e7ekmektedir.<\/p>\n

      [2]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ASBAK\u2019\u0131n h\u00fckm\u00fcnde, meslek ve sanat\u0131n icras\u0131nda kullan\u0131lacak b\u0131\u00e7aklara ili\u015fkin usullerin y\u00f6netmelikte d\u00fczenlenece\u011fini bildirmi\u015ftir. \u201c6136 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun Kapsam\u0131na Giren B\u0131\u00e7ak Ve Di\u011fer Aletler\u00a0\u0130le Benzerlerinden Bir Sanat Veya Mesle\u011fin\u00a0\u0130cras\u0131\u00a0\u0130\u00e7in Kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 Zorunlu Bulunanlar\u0131n Yap\u0131m, Kullan\u0131m Ve Nakline Dair Y\u00f6netmelik (BSMYKY) y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6nceki y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi ilga eden y\u00f6netmelik 10 Nisan\u00a02013\u00a0\u00a0\u00c7ar\u015famba tarihli ve 28614 say\u0131l\u0131 Resmi Gazetede yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece, BSMYKY\u2019nin meslek ve sanatta kullan\u0131m i\u00e7in izin belgesi alma zorunlulu\u011fu getiren 10. maddesi de y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      [3]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 M\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131, mallar \u00fczerinde yararlanma, kullanma ve her t\u00fcrl\u00fc tasarrufta bulunabilmeyi i\u00e7erir (bak\u0131n\u0131z: Erman, 57). \u00a0\u201cM\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131, ki\u015fiye ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n hakk\u0131na zarar vermemek ve kanunlar\u0131n koydu\u011fu s\u0131n\u0131rlamalara uymak (\u015fart\u0131)yla\u2026 tasarruf (imkan\u0131) veren bir hakt\u0131r\u201d (AyM 2015). Ki\u015finin \u201cmal ile aras\u0131ndaki, tasarruf, yararlanma ve\/veya kullanma yetkisine ili\u015fkin ba\u011fa m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131 denmektedir.\u201d (Derdiman, 2015: 371).<\/p>\n

      [4]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u201cTasrih mukabelesinde (de) del\u00e2lete itibar yoktur\u201d {a\u00e7\u0131k h\u00fck\u00fcmlerde dolayl\u0131 anlamlara (da) bak\u0131lmaz (Mecelle, madde: 13)}.<\/p>\n

      [5]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bak\u0131n\u0131z \u201c3.2. Kanunlarda A\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a Yasaklanmayan, \u201cBenzeri aletler\u201din Durumu\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki izahat.<\/p>\n

      *<\/h5>\n

      [6]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Yarg\u0131tay\u0131n bu ba\u015fvuruya verdi\u011fi (2016a) karar\u0131nda: Adli T\u0131p Raporunda, namlu sabitleme kilidi bulunan b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n sustal\u0131 \u00e7ak\u0131 benzeri oldu\u011funun a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirlenememesi, mahkumiyete engel nitelikte g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Her ne olursa olsun burada belitti\u011fimiz gibi, kabzesindeki mandal tertibat\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sabitlenebilir ve\/veya sabitleme mandal\u0131na bas\u0131larak yine elle kapat\u0131labilir b\u0131\u00e7akla; \u201csustal\u0131 i\u015flevi\u201d aras\u0131nda benzerlik kurmak zordur.\u00a0 Bu t\u00fcr b\u0131\u00e7aklar, i\u015flevi ve \u015fekli bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u201chan\u00e7er\u201d veya benzeri de olmad\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00fcrece yasak addedilmemelidirler.<\/p>\n

      [7]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bir ba\u015fka kararda mahkumiyet a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan: \u201cb\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n 19.03.2010 tarihli ekspertiz raporu ile (ASBAK\u2019\u0131n) 4. maddesi kapsam\u0131nda yasak nitelikte olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi (\u00f6nemsenmi\u015ftir.) Ve (ceza tayininde) olu\u015fa g\u00f6re de san\u0131\u011f\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu\u00a0b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131\u00a0s\u0131rf\u00a0sald\u0131r\u0131 amac\u0131 ile\u00a0ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n (kan\u0131tlan\u0131p) kan\u0131tlanamamas\u0131(n\u0131n) dikkate al\u0131n(mas\u0131)\u201d (Yarg\u0131tay 2016) gerekece\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

      [8]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Kanunlar zilyetlerin de ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde m\u00fclkiyet \u00fczerinde tasarrufa izin vermektedirler.<\/p>\n

      [9]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00d6rne\u011fin, Yarg\u0131tay (2016a) karar\u0131, kesici k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n (namlusunun) geni\u015fli\u011fi bir virg\u00fcl \u00fc\u00e7 santimetre olan b\u0131\u00e7aktan s\u00f6zetmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

      [10]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bu t\u00fcr b\u0131\u00e7aklar, \u201ckelebek b\u0131\u00e7ak\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n sald\u0131r\u0131 ve savunmada kullan\u0131lmaya elveri\u015flili\u011fi \u00f6nemlidir. Ama yine de bu t\u00fcr b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n da kanunda a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a yaz\u0131lmas\u0131 yerinde olurdu.<\/p>\n

      *<\/h5>\n

      [11]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bir ba\u015fka karardan anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re de: \u201csustal\u0131\u00a0\u00e7ak\u0131 \u2018benzeri\u2019\u201d\u00a0b\u0131\u00e7ak\u00a0ile ilgili olarak herhangi bir kamu davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (Yarg\u0131tay 2017a). Ancak, Yarg\u0131tay\u0131n ayn\u0131 karar\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131nda \u201cbu hususta zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 s\u00fcresi i\u00e7erisinde dava a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.\u201d<\/p>\n

      [12]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Anayasa Mahkemesi (AyM).\u00a0\u00a0 su\u00e7un idari d\u00fczenleme ile konmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, \u201csu\u00e7 say\u0131lan eylemin ve cezas\u0131n\u0131n kanunda g\u00f6sterilmesi\u201d \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 aram\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (AyM 2011) Ve \u201ckanunlarda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmeyen kural\u0131n y\u00f6netmelik ile d\u00fczenlenemeyece\u011fi sonucuna var\u0131lm(\u0131\u015ft\u0131r).\u201d (Dan\u0131\u015ftay, 2016).<\/p>\n

      [13]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Yarg\u0131tay\u2019\u0131n bir karar\u0131nda (Yarg\u0131tay 2018b): \u201cGerek\u00e7eli karar ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda su\u00e7 ad\u0131n\u0131n \u201cb\u0131\u00e7ak\u00a0veya di\u011fer aletleri izinsiz olarak satma sat\u0131n alma\u00a0ta\u015f\u0131ma\u00a0veya bulundurma\u201d yerine \u201cruhsats\u0131z ate\u015fli silahlarla mermileri sat\u0131n alma veya\u00a0ta\u015f\u0131ma\u00a0veya bulundurma\u201d olarak yaz\u0131lmas\u0131 mahallinde d\u00fczeltilebilir hata olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.\u201d Bu durum, b\u0131\u00e7ak ve di\u011fer aletleri izinsiz ta\u015f\u0131mak su\u00e7undan bahsetmeyi gerektirmi\u015f olmaktad\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7ta burada da yasak ya da yasak olmayan b\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n belirlenmesinde \u201ckanun\u201dun esas al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu de\u011ferlendirilmektedir.<\/p>\n

      [14]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Kab. K.\u2019n\u0131n bu h\u00fckm\u00fcnin h\u00fck\u00fcmet gerek\u00e7esine g\u00f6re; \u201cRuhsats\u0131z olarak bulundurulan av t\u00fcfe\u011fini, maddede belirtilen yerlerde g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr bir \u015fekilde ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 kabahat olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda idar\u00ee para cezas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.\u201d Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm Adalet Komisyonunda (TBMM 2005) ve T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisinin Genel Kurulunda (TBMM 2005a) \u00fczerinde g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme olmadan kabul edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

      [15]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00d6rne\u011fin; 3201 say\u0131l\u0131 Emniyet Te\u015fkilat\u0131 Kanununun 1. maddesi \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakan\u0131n\u0131 \u00fclkenin emniyet ve asayi\u015finden sorumlu tutmu\u015ftur. 2559 say\u0131l\u0131 Polis Vazife ve Selahiyet Kanununun 22. maddesi illerde valilerin verebilece\u011fi emirleri kollu\u011fa vermeye \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakan\u0131n\u0131 yetkili k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 kanunun 1. maddesinde de emniyet ve asayi\u015fi sa\u011flama g\u00f6rev ve yetkisi kollu\u011fa verilmi\u015ftir. \u201cCumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Te\u015fkilat\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Kararnamesi\u201dnin 254\/a ve di\u011fer ilgili h\u00fck\u00fcmleri de bu konuda dayanak olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, \u00fclkenin emniyet ve asayi\u015finden sorumlu tutulan \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakan\u0131n\u0131n b\u00f6yle emirler \u00e7\u0131karabilece\u011fi de\u011ferlendirilebilir. (\u00d6rne\u011fin: B\u0131\u00e7ak Ta\u015f\u0131man\u0131n\u2026, 2014). Bu de\u011ferlendirmeye, mevzuatla verilen bu yetkilarin\u00a0 \u0130\u0130K\u2019daki gibi a\u00e7\u0131k ve somut olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle itiraz da edilebilir. Bu t\u00fcr teredd\u00fctler, \u0130\u0130K\u2019da valiliklere verilen genel emir \u00e7\u0131karma yetkisinin; birden fazla ilde ya da \u00dclke\u00a0 d\u00fczeyinde kullan\u0131labilmek \u00fczere yasal d\u00fczenlemeyle a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakan\u0131na da verilmesiyle giderilebilir.<\/p>\n

      *<\/h5>\n

      [16]<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u201c6136 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasan\u0131n 4. maddesi kapsam\u0131nda yasak niteli\u011fi haiz\u00a0b\u0131\u00e7aklardan olmayan su\u00e7a konu b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n kasten yaralama su\u00e7unda kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve san\u0131\u011f\u0131n yaralama su\u00e7undan da mahkum oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan “s\u0131rf sald\u0131r\u0131da kullanmak amac\u0131yla\u00a0ta\u015f\u0131ma” su\u00e7unun unsurunun olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmakla\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Prof. Dr. R. Cengiz Derdiman\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1. Konuya \u0130li\u015fkin Mevzuat H\u00fck\u00fcmleri 1.1. Konuya \u0130li\u015fkin H\u00fck\u00fcmlere Genel Bak\u0131\u015f 1.1.1. 6136 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun ve Uygulama Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan (1) 6136 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun (ASBAK) 6136 say\u0131l\u0131 \u201cAte\u015fli Silahlar B\u0131\u00e7aklar ve Di\u011fer Aletler Hakk\u0131nda Kanun\u201dun (ASBAK\u2019\u0131n) 4\/1. maddesinde bir k\u0131s\u0131m kesici ve delici aletler yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu h\u00fckme bak\u0131l\u0131rsa, konumuz a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan:<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1368,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1366","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-makaleler"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nTa\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 Yasak Olmayan B\u0131\u00e7aklar\u0131n Tespitine \u0130li\u015fkin De\u011ferlendirmeler<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"6136 say\u0131l\u0131 \u201cAte\u015fli Silahlar B\u0131\u00e7ak ve Di\u011fer Aletler Hakk\u0131nda Kanun\u201dun (ASBAK\u2019\u0131n) 4\/1. maddesinde bir k\u0131s\u0131m kesici ve delici aletler ya...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link 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